South Asia holds on to its top spot as the world’s fastest growing region, with growth set to step up to 7 per cent in 2019, then 7.1 per cent in 2020 and 2021, but the region needs to increase its exports to sustain its high growth and reach its full economic potential, reads to the World Bank in its twice-a-year regional economic update.
The latest edition of the 'South Asia Economic Focus, Exports Wanted,' finds that the region’s growth, while still robust, is mainly driven by domestic demand, which in turn swelled imports and far outstripped exports, further widening trade gaps and current account deficits, and triggering currency depreciation in some countries.
“South Asia’s exports performance has dropped in the last few years to languish at far below its potential and while growth still looks robust we are concerned about whether this can hold up over the longer term,” said World Bank vice president for the South Asia Region Hartwig Schafer. "To ensure growth in the long run, the region needs to integrate further into international markets to sustain its upward growth trajectory, create more jobs, and boost prosperity for its people."
Across South Asia, imports grew much stronger than exports in the last two years, reversing the region’s exports dynamics of the early 2000s. Strong domestic demand, fueled by a consumption and investment boom, resulted in high import growth of 14.9 per cent in 2017 and 15.6 per cent in 2018, which is nearly twice as high as the region’s export growth. In comparison, exports grew by only 4.6 per cent in 2017 and 9.7 per cent in 2018.
“To ensure growth in the long run, the region needs to integrate further into international markets to sustain its upward growth trajectory, create more jobs, and boost prosperity for its people.” Said World Bank chief economist for the South Asia Region Hans Timmer. "Efforts should include trade liberalisation, spurring entrepreneurship, and equipping citizens with the skills they need to compete on the global market," he said, adding that it would be good to be creative and relentless in all these efforts.
The report offers a positive outlook based on recent months as export growth is picking up from its low levels, even outpacing imports growth in the third and fourth quarter of 2018. This recent acceleration of export growth, combined with a slowdown in import growth, is expected to continue in 2019 and beyond, with both rates eventually converging at an average 11 per cent growth rate.
But despite this recent progress, South Asian countries still export only one-third of their potential, and the gap is widening. The report estimates that the region’s export gap widened over time, standing at over 20 per cent of GDP in 2017, as South Asia did not fully take advantage of a favourable international global trade environment and remained on the margins of global value chains.
The report also reads that Nepal's GDP growth is projected to average 6 per cent over the medium term. The services sector is forecast to benefit from strong tourism and manufacturing will be supported by the opening of Nepal’s largest cement factory next year.
The latest edition of the 'South Asia Economic Focus, Exports Wanted,' finds that the region’s growth, while still robust, is mainly driven by domestic demand, which in turn swelled imports and far outstripped exports, further widening trade gaps and current account deficits, and triggering currency depreciation in some countries.
“South Asia’s exports performance has dropped in the last few years to languish at far below its potential and while growth still looks robust we are concerned about whether this can hold up over the longer term,” said World Bank vice president for the South Asia Region Hartwig Schafer. "To ensure growth in the long run, the region needs to integrate further into international markets to sustain its upward growth trajectory, create more jobs, and boost prosperity for its people."
Across South Asia, imports grew much stronger than exports in the last two years, reversing the region’s exports dynamics of the early 2000s. Strong domestic demand, fueled by a consumption and investment boom, resulted in high import growth of 14.9 per cent in 2017 and 15.6 per cent in 2018, which is nearly twice as high as the region’s export growth. In comparison, exports grew by only 4.6 per cent in 2017 and 9.7 per cent in 2018.
“To ensure growth in the long run, the region needs to integrate further into international markets to sustain its upward growth trajectory, create more jobs, and boost prosperity for its people.” Said World Bank chief economist for the South Asia Region Hans Timmer. "Efforts should include trade liberalisation, spurring entrepreneurship, and equipping citizens with the skills they need to compete on the global market," he said, adding that it would be good to be creative and relentless in all these efforts.
The report offers a positive outlook based on recent months as export growth is picking up from its low levels, even outpacing imports growth in the third and fourth quarter of 2018. This recent acceleration of export growth, combined with a slowdown in import growth, is expected to continue in 2019 and beyond, with both rates eventually converging at an average 11 per cent growth rate.
But despite this recent progress, South Asian countries still export only one-third of their potential, and the gap is widening. The report estimates that the region’s export gap widened over time, standing at over 20 per cent of GDP in 2017, as South Asia did not fully take advantage of a favourable international global trade environment and remained on the margins of global value chains.
The report also reads that Nepal's GDP growth is projected to average 6 per cent over the medium term. The services sector is forecast to benefit from strong tourism and manufacturing will be supported by the opening of Nepal’s largest cement factory next year.
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