Almost half of Nepal's
population is living under multidimensional poverty, according to a UNDP report
released today globally.
The 2013 Human
Development Index's (HDI) Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) — an alternative to
income-based poverty estimates — revealed that some 44 per cent Nepalis are
living under multidimensional poverty.
The UNDP today released
its 2013 Human Development Index (HDI) along with report – that has ranked
Nepal at 157th position – that has ranked 186 countries in terms of economic
and human development indicators. Nepal’s ranking has been unchanged since last
report that was published in 2011.
"In South Asia, Sri Lanka is in the high human development group, three countries — Maldives, India and Bhutan — are in the medium and the remaining four — Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal and Afghanistan — are in the low human development group," it revealed.
"In South Asia, Sri Lanka is in the high human development group, three countries — Maldives, India and Bhutan — are in the medium and the remaining four — Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal and Afghanistan — are in the low human development group," it revealed.
Although South Asia has
reduced the proportion of the population living on less than $1.25 a day from
61 per cent in 1981 to 36 per cent in 2008, more than half a billion people
there remained extremely poor, the report added. The multidimensional poverty
is high throughout South Asia, with the highest rates in Bangladesh (58 per
cent), India (54 per cent) and Pakistan (49 percent)," it added.
Nepal, however, has the
biggest gap due to inequalities at 34.2 per cent in the region followed by
Pakistan at 30.9 per cent. Similarly, Sri Lanka has the least gap of 15.1 per
cent in the region.
"Likewise, child
labour is relatively high in Nepal, where more than one-third of children of
ages five to 14 years are economically active and the lowest is observed in
India at 12 per cent," it stated.
The South Asia region’s
average employment-to-population ratio stands at 61.2 per cent, below the world
average of 65.8 per cent. But Nepal has 86.4 per cent employment-to-population
ratio, said the Report — 'The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse
World' — that analyses more than 40 developing countries that have made
striking human development gains in recent years. It attributes their
achievements to some strong national commitments: better public health and
education services, innovative poverty eradication programs and strategic
engagement with the world economy.
"The rise of the
South is unprecedented in its speed and scale. Never in history have the living
conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so
fast,” said the report, which uses the term 'the South' to denote developing
countries and 'the North' to denote developed countries. "By 2030, more
than 80 per cent of the world’s middle class will live in the South and account
for 70 per cent of total consumption expenditure. The Asia-Pacific region alone
will host about two-thirds of that middle class."
The South as a whole is
driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in
centuries,” according to UNDP administrator Helen Clark.
New ideas and
entrepreneurship are coming from the South and will be the defining movers of
the 21st century,” said UNDP regional director for Asia and the Pacific Ajay
Chhibber. "In our changing world, solutions are moving across the South,
not just from the North to the South."
The new middle class in
the South is driving economic, social and political expectations. Increasingly,
the most important engine of growth for developing countries is their domestic
market. By 2025, annual consumption in emerging markets is estimated to rise to
$30 trillion. By then, the South will account for three-fifths of the one
billion households earning more than $20,000 a year, creating a new global middle
class, the report added.
South Asian ranking
Sri Lanka – 92 (High Human Development)
Sri Lanka – 92 (High Human Development)
Maldives
– 104 (Medium Human development)
India – 136 (Medium Human development)
India – 136 (Medium Human development)
Bhutan –
140 (Medium Human development)
Bangladesh
– 146 (Low Human Development)
Pakistan
– 146 (Low Human Development)
Nepal –
157 (Low Human Development)
Afghanistan
– 175 (Low Human Development)
(Human Development Index
2013)
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